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Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) is a plant lectin that specifically stimulates T-cell lymphocytes to undergo mitosis and enter the cell cycle. This property makes PHA a valuable tool in cytogenetics and immunology for studying T-cell function and proliferation.

When PHA is introduced to a culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes, it binds to specific receptors on the surface of T-cells, leading to their activation and subsequent division. This process is essential for various laboratory techniques, including the preparation of cultures for chromosome analysis or for assessing T-cell responses in immunological studies.

Other cell types, such as B-cell lymphocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils, do not typically respond directly to PHA for stimulation. While B-cells can be activated through different mitogens or antigens, macrophages and neutrophils play roles in immune responses that do not involve the same mechanisms of division triggered by PHA. Therefore, the association of PHA with T-cell lymphocytes is what makes the answer accurate in this context.